訊息: 9
語言: English
RiotNrrd (顯示個人資料) 2012年12月29日下午8:01:07
Aaron94:Sometimes it's confusing when you can use mal-.Generally, I would stick to using mal- on roots only. Although I don't know if it's actually against the rules, you simply won't see mal- used with non-roots like prepositions, pronouns, or any of the built-in -aŭ adverbs (almenaŭ, hodiaŭ, preskaŭ, etc.).
So, no "malde" (to?), "malvi" (me?), or "malmorgaŭ (yesterday?)".
Stick to the roots. And remember that many of them don't really have opposites, so mal- won't work with them (there is no "maldento", for example - what is the opposite of a tooth?). Use mal- only on the ones that do. And they should be real opposites. "Malkato" is only a dog as a joke.
Kirilo81 (顯示個人資料) 2012年12月29日下午8:27:59
RiotNrrd:Although I don't know if it's actually against the rules, you simply won't see mal- used with non-roots like prepositions, pronouns, or any of the built-in -aŭ adverbs (almenaŭ, hodiaŭ, preskaŭ, etc.)malantaŭ...
Tempodivalse (顯示個人資料) 2012年12月29日下午8:40:44
RiotNrrd:Generally, I would stick to using mal- on roots only. Although I don't know if it's actually against the rules, you simply won't see mal- used with non-roots like prepositions, pronouns, or any of the built-in -aŭ adverbs (almenaŭ, hodiaŭ, preskaŭ, etc.).Iif you were to apply the affix rules universally (and I don't believe the Fundamento specifically prohibits this), theoretically you could say malalmenaŭ, or another -aŭ word that had an obvious logical opposite. I don't find malalmenaŭ that bad, actually. It's quite clear to me what the intended meaning is.
But in practice, -aŭ words are considered "set" and rarely, if ever, take on prefixes or suffixes like regular roots would. So I strongly suggest sticking to traditional words such as "maksimume" or "ne pli ol" for the sake of clarity.
erinja (顯示個人資料) 2012年12月30日下午12:30:44
Helpful hint - mal words should be totally obvious, and should not take even a second to determine the meanings, because they should be clear opposites.
In a language like English, "at least" might seem to have a clear opposite, because "most" is a sort of opposite of "least".
In languages like Esperanto and Italian, where the equivalent is an independent root (almenaŭ/almeno), the opposite is not obvious at all. It was probably not obvious to me at first, because my Esperanto is now fluent enough that "almenaŭ" is its own word in my head, not simply a translation of "at least".