Tin nhắn: 9
Nội dung: English
Aaron94 (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 17:13:50 Ngày 29 tháng 12 năm 2012
tommjames (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 17:55:00 Ngày 29 tháng 12 năm 2012
Aaron94:I found at least but I didn't know if you could say at most with MalalmanaŭThat's almenaŭ.
I've never seen malalmenaŭ and I wouldn't use it myself. To say "at most" I'd say "maksimume".
Aaron94 (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 19:38:06 Ngày 29 tháng 12 năm 2012
RiotNrrd (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 20:01:07 Ngày 29 tháng 12 năm 2012
Aaron94:Sometimes it's confusing when you can use mal-.Generally, I would stick to using mal- on roots only. Although I don't know if it's actually against the rules, you simply won't see mal- used with non-roots like prepositions, pronouns, or any of the built-in -aŭ adverbs (almenaŭ, hodiaŭ, preskaŭ, etc.).
So, no "malde" (to?), "malvi" (me?), or "malmorgaŭ (yesterday?)".
Stick to the roots. And remember that many of them don't really have opposites, so mal- won't work with them (there is no "maldento", for example - what is the opposite of a tooth?). Use mal- only on the ones that do. And they should be real opposites. "Malkato" is only a dog as a joke.
Kirilo81 (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 20:27:59 Ngày 29 tháng 12 năm 2012
RiotNrrd:Although I don't know if it's actually against the rules, you simply won't see mal- used with non-roots like prepositions, pronouns, or any of the built-in -aŭ adverbs (almenaŭ, hodiaŭ, preskaŭ, etc.)malantaŭ...
Tempodivalse (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 20:40:44 Ngày 29 tháng 12 năm 2012
RiotNrrd:Generally, I would stick to using mal- on roots only. Although I don't know if it's actually against the rules, you simply won't see mal- used with non-roots like prepositions, pronouns, or any of the built-in -aŭ adverbs (almenaŭ, hodiaŭ, preskaŭ, etc.).Iif you were to apply the affix rules universally (and I don't believe the Fundamento specifically prohibits this), theoretically you could say malalmenaŭ, or another -aŭ word that had an obvious logical opposite. I don't find malalmenaŭ that bad, actually. It's quite clear to me what the intended meaning is.
But in practice, -aŭ words are considered "set" and rarely, if ever, take on prefixes or suffixes like regular roots would. So I strongly suggest sticking to traditional words such as "maksimume" or "ne pli ol" for the sake of clarity.
Vilius (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 08:55:02 Ngày 30 tháng 12 năm 2012
Kirilo81:malantaŭ...Also malpli, malplej, even malkiel can be found in the dictionaries.
efilzeo (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 09:09:03 Ngày 30 tháng 12 năm 2012
erinja (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 12:30:44 Ngày 30 tháng 12 năm 2012
Helpful hint - mal words should be totally obvious, and should not take even a second to determine the meanings, because they should be clear opposites.
In a language like English, "at least" might seem to have a clear opposite, because "most" is a sort of opposite of "least".
In languages like Esperanto and Italian, where the equivalent is an independent root (almenaŭ/almeno), the opposite is not obvious at all. It was probably not obvious to me at first, because my Esperanto is now fluent enough that "almenaŭ" is its own word in my head, not simply a translation of "at least".