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Esperanto grammar for dummies?

od Cyd_72_deans_bae, 2. februára 2017

Príspevky: 4

Jazyk: English

Cyd_72_deans_bae (Zobraziť profil) 2. februára 2017 3:16:03

So my school district never taught us about grammar, terms, verbs, nouns, predicates, subjects. Nothing. I mean I think we did a week course in 3rd grade between the change of semesters, but that was it. It makes it very hard to learn different languages. Can anyone give in depth yet simple explanations of Esperanto sentence structure? Of course I know what a noun is, what a verb is, but the rest we never got to learn. Any and all help will be appreciated

EldanarLambetur (Zobraziť profil) 2. februára 2017 10:55:27

Hehe, in-depth and simple, eh?

I would recommend starting with this: 16 Esperanto Rules

This will give you a quick start in knowing what an Esperanto sentence looks like.

Then, when you want more depth (but still simplicity!) I would turn to the book "Being Colloquial in Esperanto". It is fairly short and very well explained, and the author provides a free online version: here.

When you're really brave, all the grammar you could ask for is written in Esperanto itself in my favourite (but big!) guide: Plena Manlibro de Esperanta Gramatiko

sudanglo (Zobraziť profil) 2. februára 2017 14:07:17

If you want to know the meanings of the terms, such as direct object, transitive verb etc., which you didn't learn at school, you can just search for them with Google. I tried this and quickly found pages with examples.

Most helpful would be a list of the essential terms used in explanation of Esperanto grammar. There won't be that many terms in the list. I leave it to others to make suggestions.

Be aware the PMEG has its own non-traditional terms for some of the concepts.

gelko_la_singapuro (Zobraziť profil) 5. februára 2017 2:51:24

Do you know about Subject-Verb-Object?
Cxu vi scias pri Subjekto-Verbo-Objekto?

It is a very crucial concept in linguisics.
Gxi estas tre grava koncepto en lingvistiko.

For example:
I killed him.

'I' is the subject here as 'I' is the one doing the action.

'Killed' is the verb, or the action being done.

'Him' is the object as 'him' is the one on the receiving end of the action.

In Esperanto, this would be translated to:
Mi mortigitas lin.

We add the suffix '-n' to a noun or a pronoun to denote that it's the object.

Nahor