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How can an adverb be a subject?

от leejy5, 11 януари 2019

Съобщения: 8

Език: English

leejy5 (Покажи профила) 11 януари 2019, 09:19:47

"Mi laboras hodiaŭ." means "I work today."
on the other hand
"Hodiaŭ estas lundo." means "Today is monday."

(All of these Esperanto sentences are from Google Translation)


Then......
hodiaŭ is definitely an adverb as you can see in the first sentence.
But, what is going on in the second sentence?
How can an ADVERB be a subject? I think, a NOUN which means today should be there.. I've known Esperanto do not have any grammatical exceptions, so I need a clear explanation about it.

p.s.
I'm a pure Korean, learned English at school. but it's not perfect so I might have used unnatural expressions above. I hope you understand that ridulo.gif

sudanglo (Покажи профила) 11 януари 2019, 14:04:11

There are a few words in Esperanto that don't require a grammatical ending. Hodiaŭ is one.

Some of these words can be and are used in different grammatical classes. Google Translate is correct - you can say both Mi laboras hodiaŭ and Hodiaŭ estas lundo.

sergejm (Покажи профила) 12 януари 2019, 01:58:30

'Hodiaŭ estas lundo' estas respondo al demando 'Kiam estas lundo?', ne 'Kio estas lundo?'. Do ĝi ankaŭ estas adverbo.
Gramatika strukturo de la angla kaj Esperanta frazoj estas malsamaj, sed ili signifas la samon.
Sed preskaŭ ĉiu vorto povas agi kiel substantivo, 'hodiaŭ' same. Ekz. 'lernu' - nome de nia pagaro.

'Hodiaŭ estas lundo' is the answer to the question 'Kiam estas lundo?' (When is Monday?), not 'Kio estas lundo?' (What is Monday?). So it also is an adverb.
Gramatical structure of the English and Esperanto frases are not same, but the meaning is same. Google Translate is correct.
But about any word can act as a noun, 'hodiaŭ' also. E.g. 'lernu' - the name of our site.

Davet1986 (Покажи профила) 12 януари 2019, 05:53:40

Some of these words can be and are used in different grammatical classes. Google Translate is correct - you can say both Mi laboras hodiaŭ and Hodiaŭ estas lundo.


ព័តមានកីឡា

amigueo (Покажи профила) 16 януари 2019, 22:37:54

amike estas enuo. mi preferas flirte.

drinkulo (Покажи профила) 30 януари 2019, 12:43:00

You can substantiate the adverb 'hodiaŭ':
'Hodiaŭo estas lundo'

Metsis (Покажи профила) 31 януари 2019, 08:40:20

drinkulo:You can substantiate the adverb 'hodiaŭ':
'Hodiaŭo estas lundo'
Jes, vi povas, se vi volas iel emfazi, ke temas pri tago.

nornen (Покажи профила) 19 февруари 2019, 21:58:33

Hodiaŭ is indeed an adverb and I do not think that in "Hodiaŭ estas lundo" it is the subject. It is an adverbial of time.

Either the subject is omitted and lundo is a predicate noun:

Hodiaŭ [la semajntago] estas lundo:
Adverbial of time - [subject] - copula - predicate noun.

Or lundo is the subject:
Hodiaŭ estas lundo.
Adverbial of time - verb - subject.

I am more inclined to the first option.

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