訊息: 3
語言: English
Durandal1717 (顯示個人資料) 2010年4月17日上午4:25:23
I was thinking this might fall into the realm of more rudimentary questions, but it was still confusing me a fair bit, when to use the past participle.
Take for example:
Li leviĝis elseĝe ridanta.
Since he's laughing, at the moment while he's rising from the chair.
But since it's in the past tense, would it also be:
Li leviĝis elseĝe ridinta.
Or would that imply that even before he rose in the past, he was laughing (a 'having had laughing' sort of thing, though I know that's perfect aspect).
Take for example:
Li leviĝis elseĝe ridanta.
Since he's laughing, at the moment while he's rising from the chair.
But since it's in the past tense, would it also be:
Li leviĝis elseĝe ridinta.
Or would that imply that even before he rose in the past, he was laughing (a 'having had laughing' sort of thing, though I know that's perfect aspect).
Oŝo-Jabe (顯示個人資料) 2010年4月17日上午4:56:11
Sentences where we might say "while _ing" in English, are usually translated "_ante."
So, 'He stood up, laughing' would be 'Li leviĝis ridante.' The adverb form is used because the action is happening at the same time as the main verb in the sentence "leviĝis," so that in a way it becomes a description of how he was getting up: while laughing.
So, 'He stood up, laughing' would be 'Li leviĝis ridante.' The adverb form is used because the action is happening at the same time as the main verb in the sentence "leviĝis," so that in a way it becomes a description of how he was getting up: while laughing.
tommjames (顯示個人資料) 2010年4月17日上午9:47:55
Durandal1717:But since it's in the past tense, would it also be: Li leviĝis elseĝe ridinta.This means something else. The important thing to remember with the participles is they show a state that is relative to the time shown by the auxiliary verb. That is, "li leviĝis ridante" means that in the past (shown by leviĝis), at that time he was laughing. Whereas "li leviĝis rindinte" means that he had laughed at a time previous to the time shown by "leviĝis". The translations then would be "he stood up laughing" and "he stood up having laughed" respectively.
Durandal1717:Or would that imply that even before he rose in the past, he was laughing (a 'having had laughing' sort of thing, though I know that's perfect aspect).As above, yes.