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Please help me find a bunch of words.

KSG-tól, 2011. június 22.

Hozzászólások: 19

Nyelv: English

KSG (Profil megtekintése) 2011. június 22. 23:04:49

The following words that I want to learn are either not in my dictionary nor the site's, or listed but I can't tell which English definition goes to which Esperanto word. I also tried Google but it brings up a LOT of irrelevant results and I gave up on it pretty quickly. I would really appreciate translations for any of these that you know.

-sex (As in male or female, the physical equivalent of gender. I can find words that might be this but there's potential for embarrassing mistakes here. Also can "genro" really mean both genus and gender? How does that work?)
-glitter (The stuff, not the verb or the quality.)
-to fall back on (If plan A fails, but you still have a less good plan B that you've used before.)
-leftovers
-a light (Generic term for any light source. Not light itself. Not specifically a lamp, a torch, a flashlight, a ceiling light, a magic wand, or anything in space.)
-shots (Measure for liquor and espresso.)
-dictate (Write a document out loud, not be president for life.)
-videogames
-gamer
-dev (Developer, of videogames.)
-moderator (For forums.)
-mod(ification) (The thing you make for games.)
-module/function (Programming. I found "modulo", but I can't tell if that's "module" in American, or the British word that has something to do with school.)
-icing (Goes on cake. Is neither shiny nor made of ice.)
-spooky/eerie (Is there a word that isn't describing a physical reaction, and isn't outright saying "this place/thing has caused me to be afraid"?)
-time travel, time machine (If I shove the words together, will they make sense in Esperanto?)
-coriander, cilantro (The seeds and the leaves of the plant called "koriandro" in Esperanto. How do I refer to each specifically, since "koriandro" alone could mean either?)

Thanks.

Miland (Profil megtekintése) 2011. június 22. 23:52:14

KSG:The following words that I want to learn are either not in my dictionary .. or listed but I can't tell which English definition goes to which Esperanto word..
I suggest that at some point you acquire a copy of Wells' dictionary, circumstances permitting. Meanwhile, here are my suggestions (in italics):
-sex (gender): genro.
Also can "genro" really mean both genus and gender? Yes. How does that work? For biological gender, "sekso" should work fine.
-glitter (The stuff, not the verb or the quality): Perhaps "ŝanĝbrilantaj paperpecetoj"
-to fall back on: sin turni al
-leftovers restaĵoj
-a light (Generic term for any light source):lumfonto
-shots: glasetoj (da), mezuroj
-dictate: dikti
-videogames: videoludoj
-gamer: videoludanto
-dev (Developer, of videogames):"kreinto" or "programisto", depending on the role that you wish to emphasize
-moderator (For forums):gvidanto, prezidanto
-mod(ification) (The thing you make for games): "programo", if you're talking about software, "ŝanĝo" for change, and "versio" for version
-module/function: modulo, funkcio
-icing: glazuraĵo
-spooky/eerie: timiga or tremiga
-time travel: (tempovojaĝado; time machine: tempomaŝino
If I shove the words together, will they make sense in Esperanto?)Yes
-coriander, cilantro (The seeds and the leaves of the plant called "koriandro" in Esperanto. How do I refer to each specifically, since "koriandro" alone could mean either?)Use "semoj" for seeds and "folioj" for the leaves.

RiotNrrd (Profil megtekintése) 2011. június 23. 1:52:23

For GLITTER, Benson gives SCINTILAĴO.

Allan38 (Profil megtekintése) 2011. június 23. 2:52:27

Gender....
male [=virseksulo](man+sex+person+noun) masklo
male [=virseksula](man+sex+person+adjective) maskla

gender female = femalo, or femala
gender male = masklo, or maskla

Caution, brain dump.

viro = man
virino = woman
boy, lad = knabo
girl, lass = knabino
child, infant = infano
female infant = infanino

The gender of most roots seem to be masculine by default when a gender is not indicated by the word. Esperanto uses the "in" affix to indicate female or the "ge" affix to indicate both genders. patro = father, patrino = mother, gepatro = parent of both genders, gepartroj = parents.

Any other suggestions for the gender question?

ceigered (Profil megtekintése) 2011. június 23. 5:15:00

As for gender and genus, well, they technically come from the same word anyway, cxu ne? okulumo.gif

Another thing worth mentioning is that genus is Latin, and while many in many language communities think it's best to have every word assimilated into their language, biological classifications are largely in Latin and are probably best off that way. I believe for that reason you might as well nit bother looking for an Esperanto word for "genus", just keep using the Latin, with a possible complimentary "o" at the end in Eo texts for keeping it distinct from possible root combination "gen-us".

(Latin in use for biological classification is more internationally accepted than EOicising it all anyway)

ceigered (Profil megtekintése) 2011. június 23. 5:22:11

That all said, Wikipedia uses "genro" or "speciaro", and says that genro in the sense of sekso is superfluous and neologistically used like the English word gender.

I'd still stick to Latin though in biological classification, but each language has it's strange ways of selectively taking some Latin words and replacing others ("family" for example, compare with "genus, species", while astirian (right name?) has "xeneru" and some other word for species)

erinja (Profil megtekintése) 2011. június 23. 8:04:40

I have never in my life heard of "masklo" or "femalo", so I would not recommend using those words.

Esperanto words are gender-neutral by default, except for some family words like father, brother, etc. Those are default masculine. But words like doctor, teacher, person, friend, etc are considered gender neutral. Some Esperantists behave as if they were default masculine, but to make a long story short, that isn't grammatically correct, and the Esperantists who do that aren't even consistent with it. That is to say, they only speak *partially* in a way indicating that those words are masculine; in other ways they tend to treat the words as neutral, especially in the plural.

This reflects influence from their national languages and not Esperanto grammar.

sudanglo (Profil megtekintése) 2011. június 23. 10:31:03

To distinguish female from male you could always say in-seksa and vir-seksa, but in a biological context eg when talking about plants or insects, these compounds may seem a little 'unprofessional' and the obvious words to use then are femala and maskla - which are not recent coinages - pace Erinja.

If you were filling in a form which asked for your sex then 'ina' or 'vira' would be more appropriate, and the English joke 'yes please' doesn't work in Esperanto.

Feminism, by the way is 'feminismo'. I am not sure what we say for 'feminine' in the 'koketa' meaning.

Shots (alkoholo) could be mezuroj or dozoj. If you want to be less literal, perhaps you could use 'frapo', having in mind the usage of 'hit' in English and 'coup' in French.

'Dikti' according to NPIV has both the meaning of speaking out loud for transcription and the meaning or forcing something to be done.

'Diktafono' means what you would think, and 'diktaĵo' is the schoolboy exercise.

A Moderator, eg of a forum, is 'moderiganto' quite literally, since their job is to prevent excesses.

For 'spooky' and 'eerie' in a non-frightening sence, no single word leaps to mind, but you could express various nuances with 'preternormala', 'eksternormala', 'fantomeca', 'hanteca', 'mistera', 'bizara', 'strangefekta', 'malkomfortiga', 'malkvietiga', maltranviliga'.

However, I think the English words often carry a nuance of 'timetiga'

darkweasel (Profil megtekintése) 2011. június 23. 10:33:38

A forum moderator is a moderatoro according to Wikipedia, and I prefer this instead of moderiganto which seems to me to be somewhat idiomatic (somebody who makes things moderate?).

In the "plans for the future of lernu!" thread, lernu! team member Jev used forumprizorganto for this meaning, but this is somewhat long and not quite as clear as moderatoro.

sudanglo (Profil megtekintése) 2011. június 23. 10:55:46

'Modifi' in Esperanto seems to be pretty much the same as English modify - make changes without affecting the essential character. And before Erinja says she has never heard of it, it's in the tria Oficiala Aldono. sal.gif

I'm not sufficiently expert in culinary matters to know whether there is a distinction between glazurita kuko (glacé) and icing. Icing for me is something soft and glazing is to cover with a hard sugary layer.

I don't think you can use 'glazuro sur the kuko' in sense of English's 'icing on the cake', to mean a bonus. I think I have seen 'ĉerizo sur la kuko' in that sense.

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