Help with correlatives...
viết bởi Marcus_Aurelius, Ngày 02 tháng 8 năm 2017
Tin nhắn: 12
Nội dung: English
Marcus_Aurelius (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 14:39:49 Ngày 02 tháng 8 năm 2017
sergejm (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 16:45:37 Ngày 02 tháng 8 năm 2017
'Kiu' is 'who' (without noun, = 'which one') or 'which' (before noun), 'kio' is 'what' (='which thing').
Simillary 'tiu' is 'that one' or 'that'; 'tio' is 'that thing'
So 'ki-' is 'which ...', 'ti-' is 'that ...', 'i-' is 'some ...', 'neni-' is 'none ...', 'ĉi-' is 'all ...'
'-u' is '-body' ('somebody', 'nobody' etc) or (before noun) simply 'which', 'that', 'some', 'none', 'all'
'-o' is '-thing' ('something', 'nothing' etc)
'-a': is like '-u' before noun, but 'kiu nomo?' answers 'Marko', 'kia nomo?' answers 'bela nomo'; 'tiu' is 'that', 'tia' is 'such'.
'-e' is place
'-om' is quantity
'-am' is time
etc.
EmilioVdf (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 22:04:05 Ngày 02 tháng 8 năm 2017
Kio estas la patro? La patro estas viro. What is the father? The father is a man.
Kiu estas la patro? Tiu estas la patro. Who is the father? That one is the father. (The other one is his brother).
Kio is also asking for things, objects which are unknown until named.
Kiu is used for people and things particularised by name (persons and things known by name.
EmilioVdf (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 22:58:16 Ngày 02 tháng 8 năm 2017
Kia estas la patro? La patro estas bona. The father is good.
Kie estas la patro? La patro estas hejme. The father is at home.
Kial la patro laboras? Por la monoj. Why the father works? For the money.
Kiel la patro laboras? Li laboras rapide. How the father works? He works fast.
Kiam la patro laboras? La patro laboris hieraŭ. When the father works? He was working yesterday.
Kiom da patroj estas en la kunveno? Kvin patroj. How many fathers are in the meeting? 5 fathers.
Kies patro li estas? Li estas mia patro. Whose father is he? He is my father.
Maybe the translations are not good English, but I hope you can understand the meaning.
A good thing is to make short sentences with the correlatives. It's easier to learn and remember with your personal phrases.
sergejm (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 00:36:13 Ngày 03 tháng 8 năm 2017
English 'What is the father?' would better be translated 'Kia isto estas la patro? La patro estas forĝisto.' - 'What worker is the father? The father is smith.'
EmilioVdf (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 20:07:26 Ngày 03 tháng 8 năm 2017
sergejm:'Kio estas la patro?' is an exception of the rule that the meaning of correlative consists from meanings of the beginning and the ending. This usage came from English 'What is the father?' and I can't praise this usage. You can't answer 'Ĉio estas patro' ('Everything is father'), the good answer is 'Ĉiu (el la viroj) estas (ies) patro' - 'Everybody (of the men) is (somebody's) father'.Thank you for the explanation.
English 'What is the father?' would better be translated 'Kia isto estas la patro? La patro estas forĝisto.' - 'What worker is the father? The father is smith.'
So, maybe a better exemple:
Kio estas tio? Tio estas libro. What is that? That is a book.
sergejm (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 10:26:11 Ngày 05 tháng 8 năm 2017
'Mi vidas ion malproksime. Kio estas tio? Tio estas viro.'
'I see something far away. What is it? It is a man.'
amigueo (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 21:25:47 Ngày 27 tháng 10 năm 2017
kiel marsxi? (sam(tiel))kiel via patro.
kies la ganto? kies la sxuo.
kial sunlevigxo? kial sunkusxigxo.
kie sanigi katon? kie hundon.
kiu kulpigis min? kiu legis leteron.
kia estas la domo? kia la kvartalo.
samkiu legis leteron? (kiu) vokis policon.
samkies ganto? sxuo kaj cxemizo.
samkie vi logxas? mia familio.
samkial vi malfruis? mia amiko.
of course, some more words could role as sam-
bartlett22183 (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 18:14:43 Ngày 28 tháng 10 năm 2017
amigueo (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 22:47:14 Ngày 28 tháng 10 năm 2017
alikio, alikiu, alikie, alikial, alikiam, por alikio ktp
plikio, plikiu, plikie, plikial, plikiam, por plikio ktp