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“ To date “ romance en esperanto

od Nala_Cat15, 28. lipnja 2019.

Poruke: 16

Jezik: Esperanto

Nala_Cat15 (Prikaz profila) 11. srpnja 2019. 18:36:34

Zam_franca

eblas amvarbi estas pli kiel "to become dating" varbi estas kiel "to enroll" angle , tiel estus kiel "enroll in dating" laŭvorte.

Mi kreis vorton "Amvizitadi" aŭ "ame vizitadi" ĉu tiu bonas?

Nala_Cat15 (Prikaz profila) 11. srpnja 2019. 19:14:30

abc_vz

Vi efektive pravas. Mia libro "complete esperanto" diras ke la vorto por "to date" estas amrendvui

Metsis (Prikaz profila) 11. srpnja 2019. 20:04:30

Sed ĉu ne "rendevui" signifas, ke oni renkontiĝas unu fojon? Mi komprenas to date enhavi la periodon, dum kiu oni skribas amleterojn, tenas la manon de la alia k.t.p. To have a date signifas singularan renkontiĝon.

abc_vz (Prikaz profila) 13. srpnja 2019. 14:52:38

Esprimado de daŭreco (ripeteco) estas interesa temo.
En PMEG pri la sufikso -ad-:
https://bertilow.com/pmeg/vortfarado/afiksoj/sufik...

Necesas atenti, ke nuntempe uzado de -ad- en verbo kun aga radiko ofte estas superflua, se la daŭreco (ripeteco) estas klara el la kunteksto kaj ne estas emfazo.

Nala_Cat15 (Prikaz profila) 15. srpnja 2019. 21:03:24

Mi uzus la -ad sufikson kun "rendevui" kaze ke oni ne komprenas per kunteksto.Eblas ke oni ne komprenus se oni ne uzas -ad. sufikson. Nun ke mi pensas pri ĝi, mi ankaŭ uzus ĝin kun amrendevui --> amrendevuadi.

Metsis (Prikaz profila) 16. srpnja 2019. 19:55:28

Pardonu la krokodiladon.

There are two related affixes, one prefix and one postfix, that are often jumped over or mentioned in passing. They are the verbal prefix ek- and the postfix -ad. They are usually explained as denoting a sudden beginning of action of the verb resp. continuous action of the verb. For instance
  • scii : to know
  • ekscii : to get to know
  • paroli : to speak
  • paroladi : to keep speaking
There is an article here in Lernu by Miville, that was an eye-opener to me. Miville reveals, that this "beginning"/"keeping" is the current use of those affixes. What they originally were used for, what was Z's intention was slightly different.

It's about grammatical aspect. What aspect means, varies from language to language, but Z had the Russian language's take on aspect in mind. In Russian and many(?) Slavic languages the distinction to perfect and imperfect aspect is very important, to my limited understanding up to the degree that there are different verbs depending on the aspect.

Let's take an example. The verb fari is a perfect-aspect verb, you either do something or not. The verb bezoni is an imperfect-aspect verb, your needs might be partially fulfilled or whatever, not an on/off thing. You use ek- with imperfect verbs to turn them perfect and -ad with perfect to turn them imperfect. Thus you have five aspect/tense combinations:
  • perfect aspect
    • present tense
      – (by definition nothing can be completed while it takes place)
    • past tense
      mi faris : I did
      mi ekbezonis : I began to need (the need arose)
    • future tense
      mi faros : I will do
      mi ekbezonos : I am going to need (the need will arise)
  • imperfect aspect
    • present tense
      mi faras : I do
      mi bezonas : I need (the need lasts some time)
    • past tense
      mi faradis : I kept doing
      mi bezonis : I needed (the need lasted some time)
    • future tense
      mi farados : I am going to keep doing
      mi bezonos : I am going to need (the need will last some time)
When E-o spread outside the Slavic language sphere, especially among the Romance languages' and English speakers, this aspect aspect (pun intended) was lost. Therefore we now have only three tenses.

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