“ To date “ romance en esperanto
Nala_Cat15,2019年6月28日の
メッセージ: 16
言語: Esperanto
Nala_Cat15 (プロフィールを表示) 2019年7月11日 18:36:34
eblas amvarbi estas pli kiel "to become dating" varbi estas kiel "to enroll" angle , tiel estus kiel "enroll in dating" laŭvorte.
Mi kreis vorton "Amvizitadi" aŭ "ame vizitadi" ĉu tiu bonas?
Nala_Cat15 (プロフィールを表示) 2019年7月11日 19:14:30
Vi efektive pravas. Mia libro "complete esperanto" diras ke la vorto por "to date" estas amrendvui
Metsis (プロフィールを表示) 2019年7月11日 20:04:30
abc_vz (プロフィールを表示) 2019年7月13日 14:52:38
En PMEG pri la sufikso -ad-:
https://bertilow.com/pmeg/vortfarado/afiksoj/sufik...
Necesas atenti, ke nuntempe uzado de -ad- en verbo kun aga radiko ofte estas superflua, se la daŭreco (ripeteco) estas klara el la kunteksto kaj ne estas emfazo.
Nala_Cat15 (プロフィールを表示) 2019年7月15日 21:03:24
Metsis (プロフィールを表示) 2019年7月16日 19:55:28
There are two related affixes, one prefix and one postfix, that are often jumped over or mentioned in passing. They are the verbal prefix ek- and the postfix -ad. They are usually explained as denoting a sudden beginning of action of the verb resp. continuous action of the verb. For instance
- scii : to know
- ekscii : to get to know
- paroli : to speak
- paroladi : to keep speaking
It's about grammatical aspect. What aspect means, varies from language to language, but Z had the Russian language's take on aspect in mind. In Russian and many(?) Slavic languages the distinction to perfect and imperfect aspect is very important, to my limited understanding up to the degree that there are different verbs depending on the aspect.
Let's take an example. The verb fari is a perfect-aspect verb, you either do something or not. The verb bezoni is an imperfect-aspect verb, your needs might be partially fulfilled or whatever, not an on/off thing. You use ek- with imperfect verbs to turn them perfect and -ad with perfect to turn them imperfect. Thus you have five aspect/tense combinations:
- perfect aspect
- present tense
– (by definition nothing can be completed while it takes place)
- past tense
mi faris : I did
mi ekbezonis : I began to need (the need arose)
- future tense
mi faros : I will do
mi ekbezonos : I am going to need (the need will arise)
- present tense
- imperfect aspect
- present tense
mi faras : I do
mi bezonas : I need (the need lasts some time)
- past tense
mi faradis : I kept doing
mi bezonis : I needed (the need lasted some time)
- future tense
mi farados : I am going to keep doing
mi bezonos : I am going to need (the need will last some time)
- present tense