メッセージ: 3
言語: English
NJ Esperantist (プロフィールを表示) 2014年12月2日 16:08:02
amigueo:hi, i would like to know how to translate "i was sent a gift" into esperanto.One way would be "Mi ricevis donacon."
thanks in advance
A bit further away from your English quote:
"Iu sendis al mi donacon." (Someone sent me a gift.)
"Oni sendis donacon al mi" ('They' sent a gift to me.)
-Daĉjo
nornen (プロフィールを表示) 2014年12月2日 20:04:08
More generally: English allows for oblique passives [1]. Esperanto not.
The subject of an Eo passive clause is always the accusative object of its corresponding active clause.
Eo passive clauses are always intransitive.
For instance:
English:
Active: My dad sent me a gift.
Passive: A gift was sent (to me) (by my dad).
Oblique passive: I was sent a gift (by my dad).
Esperanto:
Active: Mia patro sendis donacon al mi.
Passive: Donaco estis sendita (al mi) (de mia patro).
Oblique passive: -
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[1] I.e. Some part of the active clause which is not the direct object is transformed into the subject of the passive clause. For instance: "I was given a hug." (dative to subject) or "This has been taken care of." (PP to subject with stranded proposition)
The subject of an Eo passive clause is always the accusative object of its corresponding active clause.
Eo passive clauses are always intransitive.
For instance:
English:
Active: My dad sent me a gift.
Passive: A gift was sent (to me) (by my dad).
Oblique passive: I was sent a gift (by my dad).
Esperanto:
Active: Mia patro sendis donacon al mi.
Passive: Donaco estis sendita (al mi) (de mia patro).
Oblique passive: -
-----
[1] I.e. Some part of the active clause which is not the direct object is transformed into the subject of the passive clause. For instance: "I was given a hug." (dative to subject) or "This has been taken care of." (PP to subject with stranded proposition)