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For short, do you always use "malalta"?

viết bởi alexbeard, Ngày 04 tháng 1 năm 2009

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Nội dung: English

alexbeard (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 01:10:00 Ngày 04 tháng 1 năm 2009

I was wondering, since the word for tall is alta in esperanto, then malalta means short. Is there any other world for short that does not use the 'mal' suffix? Or is that the only way to express it?

danielcg (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 04:10:06 Ngày 04 tháng 1 năm 2009

Since "short" is not only the opposite of "tall" but also of "long", we have two words in Esperanto for both opposites, respectively, "malalta" kaj "mallonga". But both use the mal preffix (BTW, a "suffix" goes after the root, not before).

There is the word "kurta" as a synonime for "mallonga", but I don't advice its use except in poetry or in specialized vocabulary (e.g. "kurtonda" for "short wave"). I don't recall now any synonime for "malalta".

Regards,

Daniel

alexbeard:I was wondering, since the world for tall is alta in esperanto, then malalta means short. Is there any other world for short that does not use the 'mal' suffix? Or is that the only way to express it?

orthohawk (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 04:14:20 Ngày 04 tháng 1 năm 2009

of course, nothing would prevent someone from saying "mallongonda" particularly if they forget the other word ridulo.gif.

I myself forgot about the word "foresto" the other day so used "neĉeesto" instead........which means pretty much the same thing.

danielcg (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 04:22:03 Ngày 04 tháng 1 năm 2009

Sorry for the involuntary intrusion of "kaj" in place of "and".

I guess you'll have to put up with my defect of forgetting to go back to the main text language after inserting a quote in another.

Regards,

Daniel

danielcg:we have two words in Esperanto for both opposites, respectively, "malalta" kaj "mallonga".

vejktoro (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 04:39:10 Ngày 04 tháng 1 năm 2009

'kurt-' is generally reserved for technical things like 'kurtonda'.

I`ve also seen 'kurttempa', as in a short-term something or other.

Or, as Daniel says, in literary work.

alexbeard (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 16:09:40 Ngày 04 tháng 1 năm 2009

Does this sort of thing apply to other stuff?

Like, when you want to make an adjective. Is it you take one adjective, and to make it's opposite you just put mal in front of it instead of using an entire different word?

For example:
pura means clean, malpura means dirty. is there another way to say dirty or do you just say malpura?

vejktoro (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 16:25:31 Ngày 04 tháng 1 năm 2009

yep.

less words to learn.

fermi/malfermi

alexbeard (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 16:31:58 Ngày 04 tháng 1 năm 2009

How did he choose which words to use as the root?

danielcg (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 16:58:02 Ngày 04 tháng 1 năm 2009

About 70 % from Latin, about 10 % from Greek and the rest from the most internacionalized roots in the Hindo-European languages.

Regards,

Daniel

alexbeard:How did he choose which words to use as the root?

alexbeard (Xem thông tin cá nhân) 17:00:50 Ngày 04 tháng 1 năm 2009

danielcg:About 70 % from Latin, about 10 % from Greek and the rest from the most internacionalized roots in the Hindo-European languages.

Regards,

Daniel

alexbeard:How did he choose which words to use as the root?
That's not what I mean, I mean how did he make the choice between using the word for tall or the word for short for the root?

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